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VANCOUVER STYLE
The Vancouver referencing style was developed in 1978 by International Committee of Medical Journal Editors - ICMJE. It is named after the city of Vancouver, where the founding meeting of the committee—also known as the Vancouver Group—was held.
The Vancouver style is the standard reference format used in Medicine and Health Sciences, endorsed by the U.S. National Library of Medicine (NLM) and recognized by the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals (URMs).
In August 2020, the U.S. National Library of Medicine published the complete Vancouver Style Manual.
The most recent update of the ICMJE recommendations was released in 2023, under the title:
RETIC requires the use of the Vancouver style for all citations and references.
HOW TO CITE In-text citations consist of consecutive Arabic numerals (1), (2), etc.
- Citations are usually placed in parentheses, but may also appear in brackets or as superscripts.
- Multiple citations are grouped within the same parentheses and separated by commas or by hyphens when consecutive (e.g., 3,5,16–19).
VANCOUVER REFERENCE FORMAT
Books
Author(s). Title of the book. Edition. Place of publication: Publisher; Year.
Book chapters
Author(s) of the chapter. Title of the chapter. In: Editor(s). Title of the book. Edition. Place of publication: Publisher; Year. Page range.
Journal articles
Author(s). Title of the article. International journal abbreviation. Year; Volume(Issue): Page range.
Articles with DOI
Author(s). Title of the article. International journal abbreviation. Year; Volume(Issue): Page range.
doi: https://doi.org/XX.XXXXX/XXXXX
Websites
Author(s). Title [Internet]. Place of publication: Publisher; Date of publication [updated; accessed]. Available from: URL.
Conference papers and communications
Author(s). Title of the communication. In: Official title of the conference. Place of publication: Publisher; Year. Page range.
REFERENCE MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE
Reference managers are tools designed to:
- assist in compiling bibliographies,
- manage references from one or multiple databases,
- facilitate citation insertion during manuscript preparation,
- exchange bibliographic data across multiple citation styles,
- and create customized citation styles when required.
RETIC supports the use of widely recognized reference managers, including:
Mendeley, a free reference manager with cloud-based storage and academic networking features. EndNote, an online reference management tool by Clarivate Analytics, available to many institutions through national licenses.
Zotero, an open-source reference manager that integrates with web browsers and desktop applications.
INITIATIVE FOR OPEN CITATIONS (I4OC)
The Open Citations I4OC is a collaboration among scholarly publishers, researchers, and other stakeholders to promote unrestricted access to citation data.
The initiative aims to ensure that citation data are:
- structured, using machine-readable formats,
- separable, allowing citation analysis without access to proprietary content,
- open, freely accessible and reusable.
RETIC supports the Initiative for Open Citations (I4OC) and is committed to open science and transparent research practices.
The reference lists of articles published in RETIC are made openly available through Crossref metadata services, ensuring global accessibility to citation data and fostering knowledge dissemination, collaboration, and a more inclusive scholarly ecosystem.
